Maintenance and repair of hosiery machine
At the beginning, it all started with a car operator, familiar with the operation of the machine. Hosiery machines are divided into two categories: single-needle and double-needle. Generally, single-needle machines are now fully computer-controlled and available in various countries. Therefore, you must be familiar with the function and method of each button, and learn how to draw flower shapes. The double needle is mainly semi-computer, and the main thing is to change the needle, the other is relatively simple
Different knitting methods, knitted fabrics can be divided into: weft knitting, warp knitting, warp and weft knitting
The knitting production process is short, the raw materials are applicable, the product range is wide, the production efficiency of the needle strength machine is high, the labor intensity is low, the machine noise is small, and the area is small
The loop is the basic structural unit of the knitted fabric
Coil composition: loop column, needle knitting arc, settlement arc
The main physical and mechanical indicators of knitted fabrics: loop length, density, underfill coefficient, thickness, dispersibility, curling
According to the needle type, it can be divided into crochet needle machine, latch needle machine, compound needle machine
The knitting machine is composed of: thread feeding or let-off mechanism, knitting mechanism, pulling and winding mechanism, transmission mechanism and auxiliary mechanism
Auxiliary devices include: pattern mechanism, automatic control mechanism, automatic refueling device, cleaning and dust removal device, various automatic stop devices, counting devices, etc.
Types of knitted fabrics: original organization, change organization, pattern organization
Flat needle weave
Common name for double rib tissue: cotton wool tissue
Indicate the weft-knitted fabric's organizational structure method, generally include: structure diagram, ingenuity diagram, knitting diagram
The structural unit of the jacquard weave is composed of coils and floating lines
Jacquard weave can be divided into single-sided and double-sided, among which there are single-color (plain) and multi-color points
Single-sided weft-knitted jacquard can be divided into two types: uniform structure and non-uniform structure according to the number of longitudinal turns between the wales of each front coil in a complete combination.
There are three types of patterned yarn organization: embroidery yarn organization, overhead yarn organization, and exchange yarn organization
Generally, there are three types of pad yarns for pad yarn: straight pad type, displacement type or mixed type. At present, the 1:2 displacement type is mostly used in flannel production.
Operation principle of hosiery machine maintenance
Principle of operation:
1. Power part
The power part mainly includes electric motors, electrical control boxes, and operating components.
2. Transmission mechanism
(1) Transmission system The transmission mechanism of the hosiery machine transmits the movement to the needle cylinder and the control mechanism according to the knitting procedure of the socks. The transmission mechanism of the single-cylinder circular hosiery machine is as follows.
The spindle is divided into two sections: spindle I and spindle II. The main shaft I is equipped with a crank handle 1, an active belt reel 2, a slow speed reel, a fast speed reel 4, and a gear 8. The slow speed belt pulley is consolidated with the main shaft 1 by shaking the handle square pin, the gear 8 is also fixed into the main shaft I, and the flexible belt pulley and the fast speed belt pulley (connected to the jacket gear 5) are looped on the main shaft 1. on. When the transmission belt is successively on the belt pulleys 2, 3, and 4, the needle cylinders are in stopped, slow-rotating and fast-rotating states, respectively.
The clutch 9 is connected to the main shaft II through a crescent key, and can move left and right along the main shaft II. When the clutch is moved to the right to mesh with the left side of the gear 8 (the position shown in Figure 3-2), the shaft 1 and the shaft II are connected as a whole, and the needle cylinder rotates in one direction. The gear 8 meshes with the crank gear 7, and the crank gear 7 drives the sector gear 11 through the connecting rod 10 to make a rocking motion. When the clutch moves to the left to mesh with the right side of the gear 12, the shaft I and the shaft II are separated from each other, and the sector gear 11 drives the needle cylinder to reciprocate.
The sector gear is equipped with two supporting plates 15 and 16, respectively supporting the push plate 2 and the sprocket 4 (see Figures 3 to 4), thereby driving the control mechanism of the hosiery machine.
There is a gear 17 at the lower part of the needle gear 14 for driving the rubber band conveying device. A cam 19 is fixed on the inner side of the round sprocket gear 13 on the main shaft II, which drives the thread adjusting drum through a pull rod to change the yarn guide when knitting the horizontal strip.
(2) Calculation of transmission ratio
When knitting different sections of the sock, the rotation speed and direction of rotation of the needle cylinder need to be changed. The movement of the needle cylinder has four forms: one-way fast, one-way slow, reciprocating fast and reciprocating slow.
Brief introduction of hosiery machine:
Hosiery machine. In 1589, the British Li invented the first knitting machine, which used crochet knitting to produce shaped hosiery pieces to produce hosiery products. Knitting machines for the production of hosiery. In 1589, British W. Lee invented the first knitting machine, which used crochet knitting to produce shaped socks. In 1849, the single-cylinder circular hosiery machine appeared as the latch needle began to be used in small-caliber circular knitting machines. At first, tailored socks were produced, and it was not until 1857 that socks with bag-shaped heels and toes were woven. In 1864, the British W. Cotton invented the Cotton Hosiery Machine (crochet flat knitting machine). In 1900, the double-cylinder circular hosiery machine appeared as the double-headed latch needle began to be applied to the small-caliber circular knitting machine to knit rib socks. The sock mouth can be knitted by a special sock machine, or transferred to the sock machine manually after being completed by other machines. Socks, high heels, heels, socks (including soles and uppers), reinforcement loops and toes are knitted by hosiery machines.
